English Grammar Basics | Passive Voice, Infinitives, and Gerunds

The bicycles receive rather than perform the action, and "every day" indicates a repeated present situation, so the present simple passive "are made" is correct. "Were made" is past passive, while "are making" would present the bicycles as actively producing something.

The window received the action from the branch, and "last night" identifies a finished past time, so the past simple passive "was broken" is correct. "Broke" does not form an active clause with "by a falling branch" here, and "is broken" does not express the time of last night's event.

The sentence "The painting was stolen ..." uses the passive voice to make the affected painting the subject and omits a "by" phrase because the agent is unknown. "Someone stole ..." makes an unknown person the subject, while "by someone" unnecessarily states a vague agent. "The gallery lost ..." makes the gallery rather than the painting the focus.

The results receive rather than perform the action, and "next Friday" indicates the future, so the future passive "will be announced" is correct. "Will announce" would mean that the results announce something, and "are announcing" likewise incorrectly treats the results as the agent.

The to-infinitive "to return" states the purpose of going to the library. "After returning" would place the library visit after the return, while "without returning" would mean that the speaker went but did not give the books back. Both conflict with the stated purpose.

When "decide" is followed by the action chosen, it takes a to-infinitive, and the issued revision confirms that "to change" is correct. "Not to change" and "against changing" describe a decision to leave the schedule unchanged, while "whether to change" leaves the decision unresolved.

The person giving the reminder is "the manager," the recipients are "the interns," and their required action follows as "to submit," so "The manager reminded the interns to submit ..." is correct. The first option reverses the roles, the second says the forms were already submitted, and the third changes both the recipient and the required action.

When another action follows "enjoy," that action takes the -ing form, so "cooking" is correct. "To cook" confuses this pattern with verbs such as "want" or "plan," while the base form "cook" and the past or past-participle form "cooked" do not fit after "enjoy" here.

Tying the shoelace was the purpose of interrupting the walk, so "stop + to-infinitive," giving "to tie," is correct. "Stopped tying" would mean that she ceased the act of tying. "After tying" and "without tying" can follow "stopped" grammatically, but neither expresses the sequence and purpose given in the situation.

To recall an action that was already performed, use "remember + -ing," so "locking" is correct. "Remember to lock" means not forgetting to perform a necessary action. "Having to lock" recalls the necessity, while "not to lock" refers to remembering an instruction not to lock the door; neither matches the stated meaning.