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IT Passport Examination (IP) | Technology: Databases and Data Use Questions 04

1 / 90.0s

Problem 1

In a relational database, which item is set in order to identify a row uniquely?

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A primary key identifies each row of a table uniquely and allows neither duplicate values nor NULL.

Problem 2

In a relational database, which item references the primary key of another table to relate tables to one another?

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A foreign key references a primary key or similar in another table to express the relationship between tables.

Problem 3

Which SQL statement is used to retrieve data matching a condition from a table?

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A SELECT statement retrieves data by specifying columns and rows from a table.

Problem 4

Which property guarantees that a database transaction is either carried out in full or not at all?

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Atomicity is the property whereby a sequence of operations is either performed in full or entirely undone.

Problem 5

Which design activity limits the duplication of the same information across multiple tables and prevents inconsistency on update?

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Normalization splits tables appropriately to reduce duplicated data and inconsistencies on update.

Problem 6

Which control prevents inconsistency when several users update the same data at the same time?

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Exclusive control restricts simultaneous access to data being updated, preserving consistency.

Problem 7

Which processing aggregates sales data along multiple axes, such as by product and by region, for use in decision-making?

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OLAP aggregates and analyzes accumulated data quickly along a variety of axes.

Problem 8

Which is a defining characteristic of big data, gathered and analyzed at speed in large and varied quantities?

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Big data is described in terms of characteristics such as volume, variety and velocity.

Problem 9

What problem can arise when the training data for an AI model is biased?

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Biased training data produces bias in the model's judgments and can undermine fairness.